Ho hanyetsa likokoana-hloko (AMR) ho fetohile e 'ngoe ea litšokelo tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba lekholong lena la lilemo, ho baka ka ho toba mafu a fetang limilione tse 1.27 selemo se seng le se seng 'me ho tlatsetsa mafung a mang a ka bang limilione tse 5—koluoa ena e potlakileng ea bophelo bo botle ba lefats'e e hloka hore re nke khato hang-hang.
Beke ena ea Lefatše ea Tlhokomeliso ea AMR (La 18-24 Pulungoana), baetapele ba lefats'e ba bophelo bo botle ba kopana pitsong ea bona:"Nka Khato Hona Joale: Sireletsa Hona Joale ea Rōna, Sireletsa Bokamoso ba Rōna."Sehlooho sena se totobatsa ho potlaka ha ho sebetsanoa le AMR, e leng se hlokang boiteko bo kopanetsoeng ho pholletsa le makala a bophelo bo botle ba batho, bophelo bo botle ba liphoofolo le tikoloho.
Tšokelo ea AMR e feta meeli ea naha le libaka tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle. Ho ea ka phuputso ea morao-rao ea Lancet, ntle le mekhoa e sebetsang ea ho kenella khahlanong le AMR,mafu a akaretsang lefatšeng ka bophara a ka fihla ho limilione tse 39 ka selemo sa 2050, athe litšenyehelo tsa selemo le selemo tsa ho phekola tšoaetso e hanyetsanang le meriana li lebelletsoe ho nyoloha ho tloha ho $66 bilione ea hona joale ho ea hoLidolara tse libilione tse 159.
Mathata a AMR: 'Nete e Matla ka Mor'a Lipalo
Ho hanyetsa likokoana-hloko (AMR) ho hlaha ha likokoana-hloko—libaktheria, livaerase, likokoana-hloko le li-fungus—li se li sa arabele meriana e tloaelehileng ea ho loantša likokoana-hloko. Koluoa ena ea bophelo bo botle lefatšeng ka bophara e fihlile maemong a tšosang:
-Metsotso e meng le e meng e 5, Motho a le mong o hlokahala ka lebaka la tšoaetso e hananang le lithibela-mafu
-Ka2050, AMR e ka fokotsa GDP ea lefats'e ka 3.8%
-96% ea linaha(kakaretso ea 186) ba nkile karolo phuputsong ea lefats'e ea ho latela AMR ea 2024, ba bontša kananelo e pharaletseng ea tšokelo ena.
-Lihlopheng tsa tlhokomelo e matla libakeng tse ling,ho feta 50% ea likokoana-hloko tse arohanenge bontša ho hanyetsa bonyane lithibela-mafu tse le 'ngoe
Kamoo Lithibela-mafu li Hlōlehang Kateng: Mekhoa ea ho Itšireletsa ea Likokoana-hloko
Lithibela-mafu li sebetsa ka ho shebana le lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa tsa baktheria:
-Ho Kopanya Lebota la Sele: Li-penicillin li sitisa mabota a lisele tsa baktheria, li baka ho phatloha le lefu la baktheria
-Tlhahiso ea Protheine: Tetracyclines le macrolides li thibela li-ribosome tsa baktheria, li emisa tlhahiso ea protheine
-Ho ikatisa ha DNA/RNA: Fluoroquinolones e thibela li-enzyme tse hlokahalang bakeng sa ho ikatisa ha DNA ea baktheria
-Botšepehi ba Membrane ea SeleLi-polymyxin li senya lera la sele ea baktheria, e leng se lebisang lefung la sele
-Litsela tsa Metabolic: Li-sulfonamides li thibela lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa tsa baktheria joalo ka ho hlophisoa ha folic acid
Leha ho le jwalo, ka kgetho ya tlhaho le diphetoho tsa lefutso, dibaktheria di hlahisa mekgwa e mengata ya ho hanela dithibela-mafu, ho kenyeletswa ho hlahisa dienzyme tse thibelang tshebetso, ho fetola dipheo tsa dithethefatsi, ho fokotsa ho bokellana ha dithethefatsi le ho etsa di-biofilms.
Carbapenemase: "Sebetsa se Seholo" Tlokotsing ea AMR
Har'a mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho hanyetsa, tlhahiso eali-carbapenemae tšoenya haholo. Li-enzyme tsena li hydrolyzetsa lithibela-mafu tsa carbapenem—tseo hangata li nkoang e le meriana ea “mola oa ho qetela”. Li-Carbapenema li sebetsa e le “libetsa tse matla” tsa baktheria, li qhaqha lithibela-mafu pele li kena liseleng tsa baktheria. Libaktheria tse jereng li-enzyme tsena—tse kangKlebsiella pneumoniaeleAcinetobacter baumannii—e ka phela le ho ata esita le ha e pepesehetse lithibela-mafu tse matla ka ho fetisisa.
Ka ho tšosang le ho feta, liphatsa tsa lefutso tse kenyang li-carbapenema li fumaneha holim'a likarolo tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse tsamaeang tse ka fetelang pakeng tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea baktheria,ho potlakisa ho ata ha libaktheria tse hanyetsanang le meriana e mengata lefatšeng ka bophara.
Tlhahlobos: Mola oa Pele oa Tšireletso Taolong ea AMR
Tlhahlobo e nepahetseng le e potlakileng e bohlokoa haholo ho loantšeng AMR. Ho lemoha libaktheria tse hanyetsanang ka nako ho ka:
-Tataiso ea kalafo e nepahetseng, ho qoba tšebeliso e sa sebetseng ea lithibela-mafu
-Kenya tšebetsong mehato ea taolo ea tšoaetso ho thibela phetiso ea libaktheria tse hanyetsanang
-Ela hloko mekhoa ea ho hanyetsa ho tsebisa liqeto tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba
Litharollo tsa Rona: Lisebelisoa tse Ncha tsa Ntoa ea AMR e Nepahetseng
Ho sebetsana le phephetso e ntseng e hola ea AMR, Macro & Micro-Test e ntlafalitse lisebelisoa tse tharo tse ncha tsa ho lemoha carbapenemase tse fihlelang litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa kliniki, li thusa bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ho tseba libaktheria tse hanyetsanang ka potlako le ka nepo ho netefatsa hore litšebetso li etsoa ka nako e loketseng le hore liphello tsa bakuli li ntlafalitsoe.
1. Sete ea ho Fumana Carbapenase (Colloidal Gold)
E sebelisa theknoloji ea khauta ea colloidal bakeng sa ho lemoha carbapenemase ka potlako le ka mokhoa o tšepahalang. E loketse lipetlele, litleliniki, esita le tšebeliso ea lapeng, e nolofatsa ts'ebetso ea tlhahlobo ka ho nepahala ho hoholo.
Melemo ea Bohlokoa:
-Tlhahlobo e Felletseng: Ka nako e le 'ngoe e khetholla liphatsa tsa lefutso tse hlano tsa ho hanyetsa—NDM, KPC, OXA-48, IMP, le VIM.
-Liphetho tse Potlakileng: E fana ka liphetho ka hare hoMetsotso e 15, ka potlako haholo ho feta mekhoa ea setso (matsatsi a 1-2)
-Tshebetso e Bonolo: Ha ho hlokahale lisebelisoa tse rarahaneng kapa koetliso e khethehileng, e loketseng maemo a fapaneng
-Ho nepahala ho Hoholo: Kutloisiso ea 95% ntle le li-positive tsa bohata tse tsoang libaktheria tse tloaelehileng tse kang Klebsiella pneumoniae kapa Pseudomonas aeruginosa
2. Kiti ea ho Fumana Liphatsa tsa Lefutso ea Khahlanong le Carbapenem (Fluorescence PCR)
E etselitsoe tlhahlobo e tebileng ea liphatsa tsa lefutso ea ho hanyetsa carbapenem. E loketse bakeng sa tlhokomelo e felletseng lilaboratoring tsa bongaka, e fanang ka tlhahlobo e nepahetseng ea liphatsa tse ngata tsa lefutso tsa ho hanyetsa carbapenem.
Melemo ea Bohlokoa:
-Sampole e Tenyetsehang: Ho lemoha ka ho toba ho tsoa hodikolone tse hloekileng, sekhohlela, kapa li-rectal swabs—ha ho na setsoho hlokahala
-Phokotso ea Litšenyehelo: E lemoha liphatsa tsa lefutso tse tšeletseng tsa bohlokoa tsa ho hanyetsa (NDM, KPC, OXA-48, OXA-23) IMP, le VIM tekong e le 'ngoe, e felisa liteko tse sa hlokahaleng.
-Ho ba le kutlo e phahameng le ho hlaka: Moeli oa ho lemoha o tlase ho 1000 CFU/mL, ha ho na ts'ebetso e ts'oanang le liphatsa tse ling tsa lefutso tse hanyetsanang joalo ka CTX, mecA, SME, SHV, le TEM.
-Ho lumellana ho pharaletseng: E lumellana leMohlala oa KaraboAIO 800 POCT ea limolek'hule e iketsang ka botlalo le lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa PCR
3. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa le Resistance Genes Multiplex Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR)
Sete ena e kopanya mokhoa oa ho tsebahatsa baktheria le mekhoa e amanang le eona ea ho hanyetsa ts'ebetsong e le 'ngoe e nolofalitsoeng bakeng sa tlhahlobo e sebetsang hantle.
Melemo ea Bohlokoa:
-Tlhahlobo e Felletseng: Ka nako e le 'ngoe e khethollalikokoana-hloko tse tharo tsa bohlokoa tsa baktheria—Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, le Pseudomonas aeruginosa—mme e lemoha dijini tse nne tsa bohlokwa tsa carbapenemase (KPC, NDM, OXA48, le IMP) tekong e le nngwe.
-Ho ba le kutlo e phahameng: E khona ho lemoha DNA ea baktheria maemong a tlase ho fihlela ho 1000 CFU/mL
-E tšehetsa Qeto ea Bongaka: E nolofalletsa khetho ea mekhoa ea phekolo e atlehang ea ho bolaea likokoana-hloko ka ho tsebahatsa esale pele mefuta e hanyetsanang le tsona
-Ho lumellana ho pharaletseng: E lumellana leMohlala oa KaraboAIO 800 POCT ea limolek'hule e iketsang ka botlalo le lisebelisoa tse kholo tsa PCR
Li-kit tsena tsa ho lemoha li fa litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsana le AMR maemong a fapaneng—ho tloha litekong tse potlakileng tsa tlhokomelo ho ea tlhahlobong e qaqileng ea liphatsa tsa lefutso—ho netefatsa hore ho kenella ka nako le ho fokotsa ho ata ha libaktheria tse hanyetsanang.
Ho Loantša AMR ka Tlhahlobo ea Precision
Ho Macro & Micro-Test, re fana ka dikiti tsa tlhahlobo tse tsoetseng pele tse matlafatsang bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ka temohisiso e potlakileng le e tšepahalang, e nolofalletsang liphetoho tsa kalafo ka nako le taolo e sebetsang ea tšoaetso.
Jwalo ka ha ho hatisitswe nakong ya Beke ya Lefatshe ya Temoho ya AMR, dikgetho tsa rona kajeno di tla bontsha bokgoni ba rona ba ho sireletsa meloko ya hajwale le ya nakong e tlang kotsing ya ho hanyetsa dikokwana-hloko.
Kena ntoeng khahlanong le ho hanyetsa likokoana-hloko—bophelo bo bong le bo bong bo pholositsoeng boa bohlokoa.
For more information, please contact: marketing@mmtest.com
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-19-2025