Phuputso ea morao tjena e phatlalalitsoeng hoMicrobiomee entse tlhahlobo ea metagenomic ea vaerase ho liphoofolo tse anyesang tse 846 tse hlaha—ho kenyeletsoa bo-'mankhane, litoeba le li-shrew—tse bokelletsoeng Sierra Leone, Afrika Bophirimela. Phuputso ena e fumane kakaretso ea livaerase tsa RNA tse 39 tse amanang le liphoofolo tse anyesang, tse kenyeletsang livaerase tse ncha tse 26 le tse 13 tse neng li tsejoa pele. Har'a tsena, lelapa la Paramyxoviridae le bontšitse mefuta e fapaneng ka ho fetisisa, ha litoeba li ne li e-na le palo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mefuta ea livaerase (n = 26).
Tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea ho ba le tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko ea liphoofolo e senotse likokoana-hloko tse tharo tse tsejoang tsa zoonotic—kokoana-hloko ea encephalomyocarditis, kokoana-hloko ea Lassa, le Rocahepevirus sp—hammoho le likokoana-hloko tse tharo tse nang le kotsi ea ho tšoloha ha tsona: kokoana-hloko ea Melian, kokoana-hloko ea hepatitis ea litoeba, le Hunnivirus A. Haholo-holo, har'a likokoana-hloko tse sa tsoa fumanoa, Bat ledantevirus 2 e bontšitse kamano e haufi-ufi ea phylogenetic le kokoana-hloko ea Le Dantec e tšoaetsang batho. Tlhahlobo ea serological e ile ea boela ea fumana li-antibodies tse thibelang kokoana-hloko khahlanong le kokoana-hloko ena ho 2.8% ea baahi ba moo, e leng se bontšang hore ho pepesehela batho pele, mohlomong ho sa ka ha fumanoa.
Liphuputso tsena li totobatsa boteng ba polokelo e kholo ea vaerase e laoloang ke litoeba Afrika Bophirimela 'me li totobatsa bohlokoa ba bohlokoa ba maano a kopaneng a tlhokomelo sebakeng sa ho kopana ha batho le liphoofolo. Ho kopanya tlhahlobo ea metagenomic le netefatso ea serological ho fana ka moralo o tiileng oa ho khetholla likokoana-hloko tse nang le bokhoni ba zoonotic le ba ho tšoloha.
Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, mafu a tšoaetsanoang a fetang 60% a hlahellang bathong a simolohile matamong a liphoofolo, moo bo-'mankhane, litoeba le li-shrew li nkoang e le libaka tsa bohlokoa tsa likokoana-hloko tsa zoonotic. Afrika e nkoa e le sebaka se seholo sa mafu a zoonotic. Mohlala, Sierra Leone e tlalehile linyeoe tse fetang 28,000 nakong ea seoa sa Ebola sa 2014-2016.
Ho sa tsotellehe moroalo o moholo oa mafu a liphoofolo tse phelang sebakeng sena, mefuta-futa le kabo ea likokoana-hloko liphoofolong tse nyenyane tse phelang li ntse li sa khetholloe ka ho lekaneng. Ho rarolla lekhalo lena, bafuputsi ba entse tlhahlobo e hlophisitsoeng ea li-virome tsa liphoofolo tse nyenyane tse hlaha tse 846 tse tšoasitsoeng libakeng tse tharo Sierra Leone pakeng tsa 2018 le 2023. Phuputso e ne e ikemiselitse ho khetholla mefuta-futa ea likokoana-hloko, ho khetholla bakhethoa ba nang le monyetla oa phetisetso ea mefuta e fapaneng, ho hlahloba kotsi ea liphoofolo tse phelang, le ho hlahisa bopaki ba ho tšehetsa litsamaiso tsa temoso ea pele bakeng sa mafu a tšoaetsanoang a hlahang.
Mekhoa ea Bohlokoa
Phuputso ena e sebelisitse mokhoa o felletseng oa ts'ebetso ea metagenomics ea vaerase:
- Ts'ebetso ea sampole:Lisele tsa pelo, sebete, spleen, matšoafo le liphio li ile tsa bokelloa, tsa kopanngoa, tsa etsoa hore li be le RNA e lekaneng.
- Ho latellana le ho kopanya:Ho fokotseha ha RNA ea ribosomal ho entsoe pele ho kaho ea laeborari, ho lateloa ke tatellano ea bophahamo bo phahameng ho sebelisoa sethala sa Illumina NovaSeq 6000. Li-contigs tsa vaerase li ile tsa kopanngoa de novo.
- Tlhahlobo ea vaerase:Livaerase li ile tsa fumanoa ho latela ho hokahanya liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa RNA polymerase (RdRp) tse itšetlehileng ka RNA. Ke livaerase tse amanang le lesapo la mokokotlo feela tse ileng tsa bolokoa, ntle le livaerase tsa baktheria, fungal le limela.
- Tlhahlobo ea Bioinformatics:Ho ile ha etsoa kaho botjha ha liphatsa tsa lefutso, tlhahlobo ea ho kopanya hape, mohlala oa marang-rang a phetisetso ea mefuta e fapaneng, le tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea liphoofolo tse phelang ho pholletsa le liphoofolo.
- Netefatso ea serological:Teko ea ho thibela tšoaetso ea pseudovirus e thehiloeng ho VSV e entsoe bakeng sa Bat ledantevirus 2. Li-antibodies tse thibelang tšoaetso li fumanoe ho 2.8% ea sera ea batho, e leng se fanang ka bopaki ba hore tšoaetso e ka fetisetsoa ho zoonotic.
ThutoLiphetho
1. Ho Sibolloa ha Vaerase le Mefuta-futa
Phuputso ena e entse tlhahlobo ea tatellano ea transcriptomic liphoofolong tse 846 tse hlaha tse bokelletsoeng Sierra Leone, ho kenyeletsoa litoeba, bo-'mankhane le li-shrew. Ho latela tatellano e felletseng ea liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa RNA polymerase (RdRp) tse itšetlehileng ka RNA, ho ile ha fumanoa kakaretso ea livaerase tse 39 tse amanang le liphoofolo tse anyesang, tse nang le livaerase tse 13 tse neng li tsejoa pele le livaerase tse ncha tse 26.
Mabapi le sebopeho sa vaerase, lelapa la Paramyxoviridae le bontshitse boemo bo hodimo ba mefutafuta ho pholletsa le dihlopha tsohle tse tharo tsa dikokwana-hloko, le latelwa ke Astroviridae le Picornaviridae. Mabapi le kabo ya dikokwana-hloko, ditoeba di kentse letsoho ka mefutafuta e meholo ka ho fetisisa ya dikokwana-hloko, di na le mefuta yohle ya dikokwana-hloko tse 26, e leng se bontshang karolo ya tsona e hlahelletseng e le dibaka tsa mefutafuta ya dikokwana-hloko sebakeng seo.
2. Kotsi ea Zoonotic
Tlhahlobo ea kotsi ea liphoofolo e fumane likokoana-hloko tse tharo tse tsejoang tsa zoonotic: kokoana-hloko ea encephalomyocarditis, kokoana-hloko ea Lassa, le mefuta ea Rocahepevirus. Ho phaella moo, likokoana-hloko tse tharo—koana-hloko ea Melian, kokoana-hloko ea hepatitis ea litoeba, le kokoana-hloko ea Hunni A—li fumanoe li e-na le kotsi e ka bang teng ea ho tšoloha ha tsona.
Har'a likokoana-hloko tse 26 tse sa tsoa sibolloa, tse 'ne ho ne ho boleloa esale pele hore li na le bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho ba le bana ho latela litšobotsi tsa phylogenetic le genomic. Haholo-holo, Bat ledantevirus 2 e bontšitse kamano e haufi-ufi ea phylogenetic le vaerase ea Le Dantec e tsejoang e tšoaetsang batho.
Phuputso e latelang ea serological e ile ea tšehetsa phuputso ena haholoanyane, kaha li-antibodies tse thibelang kokoana-hloko ea Bat ledantevirus 2 li ile tsa fumanoa ho 2.8% ea sera ho tsoa ho baahi ba moo. Sephetho sena se bontša hore tšoaetso e sa tsejoeng kapa e se nang matšoao e kanna ea ba e se e etsahetse har'a baahi ba batho, e leng se totobatsang tsela e ka bang teng ea phetisetso ea zoonotic empa e sa ka ea fumanoa pele.
3. Matla a Phetiso ea Mefuta e Tšeletseng
Tlhahlobo ea phetisetso ea mefuta e fapaneng e bontšitse hore litoeba li na le sebaka sa bohlokoa ka har'a marang-rang a arolelanang vaerase, li sebetsa e le li-node tsa bohlokoa tse nolofalletsang phapanyetsano ea vaerase lipakeng tsa mefuta e amohelang. Livaerase tse 15 kaofela li ile tsa khetholloa e le tse nang le monyetla oa phetisetso ea mefuta e fapaneng.
Tlhahlobo e eketsehileng ea mekhoa ea phetiso ea tatellano e fapaneng e bontšitse hore ho arolelanoa ha vaerase ho etsahala khafetsa har'a baamoheli ka tatellano e tšoanang ea taxonomic, e leng se bontšang hore kamano ea baamoheli e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa maemong a phetiso. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, bo-'mankhane ba bontšitse bokhoni bo tlase haholo ba phetiso ea tatellano e fapaneng.
Habohlokoa, bopaki ba katoloso ea sebaka seo moamoheli a leng ho sona bo bonoe livaeraseng tse itseng. Mohlala, kokoana-hloko ea Melian, eo pele e neng e nkoa e le ea li-shrew, e boetse e fumanoe litoeng thutong ena, e leng se bontšang phetoho e ka bang teng ho ikamahanya le maemo ha moamoheli le kotsi e eketsehileng ea phetiso e pharaletseng.
Liqeto le Litlamorao tsa Bophelo bo Botle ba Sechaba
- Mefuta e mengata ea likokoana-hloko tse hlaha tse nang le mefuta e fapaneng ea likokoana-hloko:Ho sibolloa ha divaerase tse 39 tsa RNA, ho kenyeletswa le mefuta e 26 e metjha, ho senola polokelo e kgolo ya divaerase sebakeng seo mme ho tlaleha ka lekgetlo la pele divaerase tse ntjha tse nang le bokgoni bo phahameng ba ho tswa ho dino (mohlala, Bat ledantevirus 2).
- Litoeba e le lipheo tsa pele tsa tlhokomelo:Litoeba li sebetsa e le litsi tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa phetiso ea vaerase 'me li na le mefuta e mengata ea vaerase, e leng se emelang kotsi e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea ho tšoloha ha tšoaetso.
- Tlhokeho ea maano a kopaneng a tlhokomelo:Liphuputso li tšehetsa ho beha litoeba pele mananeong a tlhokomelo a mafolofolo le ho kenya tšebetsong mekhoa e kopaneng e kopanyang metagenomics, serology, le tlhokomelo ea tikoloho libakeng tse hokahaneng pakeng tsa batho le liphoofolo tse hlaha.
Ka kakaretso, phuputso ena e fana ka bopaki ba bohlokoa ho tšehetsa litsamaiso tsa temoso ea pele le meralo ea tlhahlobo ea likotsi bakeng sa mafu a hlaha a liphoofolo, e leng se matlafatsang bohlokoa ba tlhokomelo e potlakileng libakeng tse kotsing e kholo.
Tlhahisoleseding ea Sehlahisoa
Nako ea poso: Hlakubele-23-2026